diff --git a/APP/__init__.py b/APP/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12bbc26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/APP/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+from flask import Flask, current_app
+from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
+from flask_login import LoginManager
+from flask_migrate import Migrate
+from flask_jwt_extended import JWTManager
+from config import Config
+import logging
+from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler
+import os
+
+db = SQLAlchemy()
+migrate = Migrate()
+login_manager = LoginManager()
+jwt = JWTManager()
+
+def create_app(config_class=Config):
+    app = Flask(__name__)
+    app.config.from_object(config_class)
+
+    db.init_app(app)
+    migrate.init_app(app, db)
+    login_manager.init_app(app)
+    jwt.init_app(app)
+
+    # 设置日志记录器
+    if not app.debug:
+        if not os.path.exists('logs'):
+            os.mkdir('logs')
+        file_handler = RotatingFileHandler('logs/app.log', maxBytes=10240, backupCount=10, delay=True)
+        file_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(
+            '%(asctime)s %(levelname)s: %(message)s [in %(pathname)s:%(lineno)d]'))
+        file_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
+        app.logger.addHandler(file_handler)
+
+        app.logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
+        app.logger.info('Application startup')
+
+    from app import models
+    from app.models import RoleTemplate, Permission
+
+    def init_database():
+        db.create_all()
+        models.UserField.init_default_fields()
+        models.Department.init_default_departments()
+        models.Department.init_default_fields()
+        models.RoleField.init_default_fields()
+        models.Role.init_default_roles()
+        models.PermissionField.init_default_fields()
+        models.Permission.init_default_permissions()
+
+    def init_role_templates():
+        templates = [
+            {
+                'name': '管理员',
+                'description': '系统管理员，拥有所有权限',
+                'permissions': ['用户管理', '角色管理', '部门管理', '权限管理']
+            },
+            {
+                'name': '普通用户',
+                'description': '普通用户，拥有基本权限',
+                'permissions': ['查看个人信息', '修改个人信息']
+            },
+        ]
+
+        for template in templates:
+            if not RoleTemplate.query.filter_by(name=template['name']).first():
+                permissions = [Permission.query.filter_by(name=p).first() for p in template['permissions']]
+                RoleTemplate.create_template(
+                    name=template['name'],
+                    description=template['description'],
+                    permissions=[p for p in permissions if p]
+                )
+
+    with app.app_context():
+        init_database()
+        init_role_templates()
+
+    from app.auth import bp as auth_bp
+    app.register_blueprint(auth_bp)
+
+    from app.departments import bp as departments_bp
+    app.register_blueprint(departments_bp, url_prefix='/departments')
+
+    from app.roles import bp as roles_bp
+    app.register_blueprint(roles_bp, url_prefix='/roles')
+
+    from app.permissions import bp as permissions_bp
+    app.register_blueprint(permissions_bp, url_prefix='/permissions')
+
+    from app.users import bp as users_bp
+    app.register_blueprint(users_bp, url_prefix='/users')
+
+    return app
diff --git a/APP/auth.py b/APP/auth.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb6bc5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/APP/auth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+from flask import Blueprint, render_template, redirect, url_for, flash, request, jsonify, current_app
+from flask_login import login_user, logout_user, login_required, current_user
+from app import db
+from app.models import User, UserField, UserLoginInfo, UserPassword, UserDetail, UserPasswordHistory
+from urllib.parse import urlparse  # 替换 werkzeug.urls import
+import traceback
+import random
+import string
+from flask_jwt_extended import create_access_token, create_refresh_token, jwt_required, get_jwt_identity, \
+    verify_jwt_in_request
+from functools import wraps
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+
+bp = Blueprint('auth', __name__)
+
+@bp.route('/logout')
+def logout():
+    logout_user()
+    return redirect(url_for('index'))
+
+@bp.route('/register', methods=['POST'])
+def register():
+    current_app.logger.info('Received registration request')
+    data = request.get_json()
+    current_app.logger.info(f'Registration data: {data}')
+    
+    email = data.get('email')
+    if email:
+        existing_user = User.find_by_username_or_email(email)
+        if existing_user:
+            return jsonify({'message': '该邮箱已被注册'}), 400
+
+    required_fields = ['first_name', 'last_name', 'id_number', 'phone', 'gender']
+    missing_fields = [field for field in required_fields if field not in data or not data[field]]
+    
+    if missing_fields:
+        current_app.logger.warning(f'Registration failed: Missing required fields: {", ".join(missing_fields)}')
+        return jsonify({'message': f'以下字段是必填的: {", ".join(missing_fields)}'}), 400
+
+    try:
+        # 生成用户名和密码
+        username = generate_username(data['first_name'], data['last_name'])
+        password = generate_password()
+        current_app.logger.info(f'Generated username: {username}')
+
+        user = User(username=username)
+        user.set_password(password)
+        db.session.add(user)
+
+        # 设置用户详细信息
+        for field in UserField.query.all():
+            if field.name in data:
+                user.set_detail(field.name, data[field.name])
+                current_app.logger.info(f'Set user detail: {field.name} = {data[field.name]}')
+
+        # 设置新用户标记
+        user.login_info.is_new_user = True
+        user.login_info.has_changed_initial_password = False
+
+        db.session.commit()
+        current_app.logger.info(f'User {username} registered successfully')
+        return jsonify({
+            'message': '注册成功',
+            'username': username,
+            'password': password
+        }), 201
+    except Exception as e:
+        current_app.logger.error(f'Registration error: {str(e)}')
+        current_app.logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
+        db.session.rollback()
+        return jsonify({'message': f'注册失败，错误: {str(e)}'}), 500
+
+def generate_username(first_name, last_name):
+    base_username = f"{first_name.lower()} {last_name.lower()}"
+    username = base_username
+    counter = 1
+    while User.query.filter_by(username=username).first():
+        username = f"{base_username} {counter}"
+        counter += 1
+    return username
+
+def generate_password():
+    characters = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + string.punctuation
+    return ''.join(random.choice(characters) for i in range(16))
+
+
+@bp.route('/login', methods=['POST'])
+def login_api():
+    current_app.logger.info('Received login request')
+    data = request.get_json()
+    
+    if not data:
+        current_app.logger.warning('Invalid request data')
+        return jsonify({'message': '无效的请求数据'}), 400
+    
+    username_or_email = data.get('username')
+    password = data.get('password')
+
+    current_app.logger.info(f'Login attempt for user: {username_or_email}')
+
+    if not username_or_email or not password:
+        current_app.logger.warning('Missing username/email or password')
+        return jsonify({'message': '缺少用户名/邮箱或密码'}), 400
+
+    try:
+        user = User.find_by_username_or_email(username_or_email)
+        if user is None:
+            current_app.logger.warning(f'User not found: {username_or_email}')
+            return jsonify({'message': '无效的用户名/邮箱或密码'}), 401
+        
+        if not user.check_password(password):
+            current_app.logger.warning(f'Invalid password for user: {username_or_email}')
+            return jsonify({'message': '无效的用户名/邮箱或密码'}), 401
+        
+        current_app.logger.info(f'User authenticated: {username_or_email}')
+        current_app.logger.info(f'Is new user: {user.login_info.is_new_user}')
+        current_app.logger.info(f'Has changed initial password: {user.login_info.has_changed_initial_password}')
+
+        # 检查是否是新用户或未更改初始密码
+        if user.login_info.is_new_user or not user.login_info.has_changed_initial_password:
+            current_app.logger.info(f'New user or initial password not changed: {username_or_email}')
+            return jsonify({
+                'message': '首次登录，请修改密码',
+                'require_password_change': True
+            }), 403
+
+        # 检查密码是否过期
+        if user.needs_password_change():
+            current_app.logger.info(f'Password expired for user: {username_or_email}')
+            return jsonify({
+                'message': '密码已过期，请修改密码',
+                'require_password_change': True
+            }), 403
+        
+        login_user(user)
+        user.login_info.update_login_info()
+        
+        access_token = create_access_token(identity=user.id)
+        refresh_token = create_refresh_token(identity=user.id)
+        
+        current_app.logger.info(f'User {user.username} logged in successfully')
+        
+        # 获取用户详细信息
+        user_fields = UserField.query.all()
+        user_details = {}
+        for field in user_fields:
+            detail = UserDetail.query.filter_by(user_id=user.id, field_id=field.id).first()
+            user_details[field.name] = detail.value if detail else None
+        
+        user_info = {
+            'id': user.id,
+            'username': user.username,
+            'primary_department': user.primary_department.name if user.primary_department else None,
+            'secondary_departments': [dept.name for dept in user.secondary_departments],
+            'roles': [role.name for role in user.roles],
+            'permissions': [perm.name for perm in user.get_all_permissions()],  # 添加这行
+            'details': user_details,
+            'login_info': {
+                'register_time': user.login_info.register_time.isoformat(),
+                'login_count': user.login_info.login_count,
+                'last_login_time': user.login_info.last_login_time.isoformat() if user.login_info.last_login_time else None,
+                'is_new_user': user.login_info.is_new_user,
+                'has_changed_initial_password': user.login_info.has_changed_initial_password
+            }
+        }
+        
+        return jsonify({
+            'message': '登录成功',
+            'access_token': access_token,
+            'refresh_token': refresh_token,
+            'user_info': user_info
+        }), 200
+    except Exception as e:
+        current_app.logger.error(f'Login error: {str(e)}')
+        current_app.logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
+        return jsonify({'message': '登录失败，请稍后再试'}), 500
+
+@bp.route('/refresh', methods=['POST'])
+@jwt_required(refresh=True)
+def refresh():
+    current_user_id = get_jwt_identity()
+    access_token = create_access_token(identity=current_user_id)
+    return jsonify({'access_token': access_token}), 200
+
+@bp.route('/logout', methods=['POST'])
+@login_required
+def logout_api():
+    current_app.logger.info(f'User {current_user.username} logged out')
+    logout_user()
+    return jsonify({'message': '登出成功'}), 200
+
+@bp.route('/profile', methods=['GET'])
+@login_required
+def profile():
+    current_app.logger.info(f'Profile requested for user {current_user.username}')
+    try:
+        profile_data = {
+            'username': current_user.username,
+            'login_info': {
+                'register_time': current_user.login_info.register_time.isoformat(),
+                'login_count': current_user.login_info.login_count,
+                'last_login_time': current_user.login_info.last_login_time.isoformat() if current_user.login_info.last_login_time else None,
+                'is_new_user': current_user.login_info.is_new_user
+            }
+        }
+        current_app.logger.info(f'Profile data retrieved for user {current_user.username}')
+        return jsonify(profile_data)
+    except Exception as e:
+        current_app.logger.error(f'Profile retrieval error for user {current_user.username}: {str(e)}')
+        current_app.logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
+        return jsonify({'message': '获取用户资料失败，请稍后再试'}), 500
+
+@bp.route('/change_password', methods=['POST'])
+@jwt_required()
+def change_password():
+    current_app.logger.info('Received change password request')
+    current_user_id = get_jwt_identity()
+    data = request.get_json()
+    old_password = data.get('old_password')
+    new_password = data.get('new_password')
+
+    if not all([old_password, new_password]):
+        return jsonify({'message': '缺少必要的字段'}), 400
+
+    try:
+        user = User.query.get(current_user_id)
+        if not user:
+            return jsonify({'message': '用户不存在'}), 404
+
+        if not user.check_password(old_password):
+            return jsonify({'message': '旧密码不正确'}), 401
+
+        user.set_password(new_password)
+        user.login_info.has_changed_initial_password = True
+        
+        # 更新密码修改历史
+        if user.password_history:
+            user.password_history.update_password_change()
+        else:
+            user.password_history = UserPasswordHistory(user=user)
+        
+        db.session.commit()
+
+        current_app.logger.info(f'Password changed successfully for user {user.username}')
+        return jsonify({'message': '密码修改成功'}), 200
+    except Exception as e:
+        current_app.logger.error(f'Password change error: {str(e)}')
+        current_app.logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
+        db.session.rollback()
+        return jsonify({'message': '密码修改失败，请稍后再试'}), 500
+
+def token_required(f):
+    @wraps(f)
+    def decorated(*args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            # 验证 JWT token
+            verify_jwt_in_request()
+            # 获取当前用户的身份（通常是用户ID）
+            current_user_id = get_jwt_identity()
+            # 从数据库中获取用户对象
+            current_user = User.query.get(current_user_id)
+            if not current_user:
+                return jsonify({'message': '找不到用户'}), 404
+        except Exception as e:
+            return jsonify({'message': '无效的令牌'}), 401
+        # 将当前用户对象传递给被装饰的函数
+        return f(current_user, *args, **kwargs)
+    return decorated
+
+@bp.route('/change_initial_password', methods=['POST'])
+def change_initial_password():
+    data = request.get_json()
+    
+    if not data:
+        return jsonify({'message': '缺少请求数据'}), 400
+
+    username_or_email = data.get('username_or_email') or data.get('username')
+    old_password = data.get('old_password')
+    new_password = data.get('new_password')
+
+    if not all([username_or_email, old_password, new_password]):
+        return jsonify({'message': '缺少必要的字段'}), 400
+
+    user = User.find_by_username_or_email(username_or_email)
+    if not user:
+        return jsonify({'message': '用户不存在'}), 404
+
+    if not user.check_password(old_password):
+        return jsonify({'message': '旧密码不正确'}), 401
+
+    if user.login_info.has_changed_initial_password:
+        return jsonify({'message': '初始密码已经被修改过'}), 400
+
+    user.set_password(new_password)
+    user.login_info.has_changed_initial_password = True
+    user.login_info.is_new_user = False
+    
+    # 更新密码修改历史
+    if user.password_history:
+        user.password_history.update_password_change()
+    else:
+        user.password_history = UserPasswordHistory(user=user)
+    
+    db.session.commit()
+
+    access_token = create_access_token(identity=user.id)
+    refresh_token = create_refresh_token(identity=user.id)
+
+    current_app.logger.info(f'Initial password changed for user: {user.username}')
+    current_app.logger.info(f'New user status: {user.login_info.is_new_user}')
+    current_app.logger.info(f'Has changed initial password status: {user.login_info.has_changed_initial_password}')
+
+    return jsonify({
+        'message': '密码修改成功，现在可以登录',
+        'access_token': access_token,
+        'refresh_token': refresh_token
+    }), 200
+
+@bp.route('/current_user', methods=['GET'])
+@jwt_required()
+def get_current_user():
+    current_user_id = get_jwt_identity()
+    user = User.query.get(current_user_id)
+    
+    if not user:
+        return jsonify({'message': '用户不存在'}), 404
+
+    try:
+        user_fields = UserField.query.all()
+        user_details = {}
+        for field in user_fields:
+            detail = UserDetail.query.filter_by(user_id=user.id, field_id=field.id).first()
+            user_details[field.name] = detail.value if detail else None
+
+        user_info = {
+            'id': user.id,
+            'username': user.username,
+            'details': user_details,
+            'primary_department': user.primary_department.name if user.primary_department else None,
+            'secondary_departments': [dept.name for dept in user.secondary_departments],
+            'roles': [role.name for role in user.roles],
+            'permissions': [perm.name for perm in user.get_all_permissions()],
+            'login_info': {
+                'register_time': user.login_info.register_time.isoformat(),
+                'login_count': user.login_info.login_count,
+                'last_login_time': user.login_info.last_login_time.isoformat() if user.login_info.last_login_time else None,
+                'is_new_user': user.login_info.is_new_user,
+                'has_changed_initial_password': user.login_info.has_changed_initial_password
+            }
+        }
+
+        return jsonify(user_info), 200
+    except Exception as e:
+        current_app.logger.error(f'Error retrieving current user info: {str(e)}')
+        current_app.logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
+        return jsonify({'message': '获取用户信息失败，请稍后再试'}), 500
diff --git a/APP/authorization.py b/APP/authorization.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8df309
--- /dev/null
+++ b/APP/authorization.py
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+from functools import wraps
+from flask import jsonify, request, current_app
+from flask_jwt_extended import get_jwt_identity, verify_jwt_in_request
+from app.models import User, Permission
+from .extensions import db
+
+class Authorization:
+    @staticmethod
+    def check_permission(required_permission):
+        def decorator(f):
+            @wraps(f)
+            def decorated_function(*args, **kwargs):
+                from .models import User  # 在函数内部导入以避免循环导入
+                current_user_id = get_jwt_identity()
+                user = User.query.get(current_user_id)
+                if not user:
+                    return jsonify({"message": "User not found"}), 404
+                
+                user_permissions = user.get_all_permissions()
+                if required_permission not in user_permissions:
+                    return jsonify({"message": "Permission denied"}), 403
+                return f(*args, **kwargs)
+            return decorated_function
+        return decorator
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def check_role(required_role):
+        def decorator(f):
+            @wraps(f)
+            def decorated_function(*args, **kwargs):
+                current_user_id = get_jwt_identity()
+                user = User.query.get(current_user_id)
+                if not user:
+                    return jsonify({"message": "User not found"}), 404
+                
+                user_roles = [role.name for role in user.roles]
+                if required_role not in user_roles:
+                    return jsonify({"message": "Role not authorized"}), 403
+                return f(*args, **kwargs)
+            return decorated_function
+        return decorator
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def check_department(required_department):
+        def decorator(f):
+            @wraps(f)
+            def decorated_function(*args, **kwargs):
+                current_user_id = get_jwt_identity()
+                user = User.query.get(current_user_id)
+                if not user:
+                    return jsonify({"message": "User not found"}), 404
+                
+                user_departments = [user.primary_department.name] + [dept.name for dept in user.secondary_departments]
+                if required_department not in user_departments:
+                    return jsonify({"message": "Department not authorized"}), 403
+                return f(*args, **kwargs)
+            return decorated_function
+        return decorator
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def api_permission_required(permission):
+        def decorator(f):
+            @wraps(f)
+            def decorated_function(*args, **kwargs):
+                verify_jwt_in_request()
+                current_user_id = get_jwt_identity()
+                user = User.query.get(current_user_id)
+                if not user:
+                    return jsonify({"message": "User not found"}), 404
+                
+                user_permissions = user.get_all_permissions()
+                if permission not in user_permissions:
+                    return jsonify({"message": "Permission denied"}), 403
+                return f(*args, **kwargs)
+            return decorated_function
+        return decorator
+
+def init_permissions():
+    from .models import Permission  # 在函数内部导入以避免循环导入
+    # 这个函数可以在应用启动时调用，用于初始化或更新权限
+    # 可以从配置文件、数据库或其他来源读取权限定义
+    permissions = [
+        "create_user", "edit_user", "delete_user",
+        "create_role", "edit_role", "delete_role",
+        "create_department", "edit_department", "delete_department",
+        # ... 其他权限 ...
+    ]
+    for perm_name in permissions:
+        perm = Permission.query.filter_by(name=perm_name).first()
+        if not perm:
+            new_perm = Permission(name=perm_name)
+            db.session.add(new_perm)
+    db.session.commit()
+
+# 可以添加更多的辅助函数，比如检查复杂的权限组合等
diff --git a/APP/decorators.py b/APP/decorators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f029a50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/APP/decorators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from functools import wraps
+from flask import abort
+from flask_login import current_user
+
+def permission_required(permission):
+    def decorator(f):
+        @wraps(f)
+        def decorated_function(*args, **kwargs):
+            if not current_user.is_authenticated:
+                abort(403)
+            user_permissions = current_user.get_all_permissions()
+            if permission not in [p.name for p in user_permissions]:
+                abort(403)
+            return f(*args, **kwargs)
+        return decorated_function
+    return decorator
diff --git a/APP/departments.py b/APP/departments.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64c29e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/APP/departments.py
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+from flask import Blueprint, request, jsonify
+from app.models import Department, User, db
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+
+bp = Blueprint('departments', __name__)
+
+@bp.route('', methods=['POST'])
+def create_department():
+    data = request.get_json()
+    
+    if not data or 'name' not in data:
+        return jsonify({'message': '部门名称是必需的'}), 400
+    
+    name = data['name']
+    
+    # 检查部门名称是否已存在
+    if Department.query.filter_by(name=name).first():
+        return jsonify({'message': '部门名称已存在'}), 400
+    
+    new_department = Department(name=name)
+    db.session.add(new_department)
+    db.session.flush()  # 这会给 new_department 分配一个 id
+    
+    # 如果提供了其他字段，设置它们
+    for field in ['department_code', 'manager', 'phone', 'email', 'location']:
+        if field in data:
+            new_department.set_detail(field, data[field])
+    
+    try:
+        db.session.commit()
+    except IntegrityError:
+        db.session.rollback()
+        return jsonify({'message': '创建部门失败，可能是由于数据完整性问题'}), 500
+    
+    return jsonify({'message': '部门创建成功', 'id': new_department.id}), 201
+
+@bp.route('/<int:parent_id>/children', methods=['POST'])
+def create_child_department(parent_id):
+    parent_department = Department.query.get(parent_id)
+    if not parent_department:
+        return jsonify({'message': '父部门不存在'}), 404
+    
+    data = request.get_json()
+    
+    if not data or 'name' not in data:
+        return jsonify({'message': '子部门名称是必需的'}), 400
+    
+    name = data['name']
+    
+    # 检查部门名称是否已存在
+    if Department.query.filter_by(name=name).first():
+        return jsonify({'message': '部门名称已存在'}), 400
+    
+    new_department = Department(name=name, parent_id=parent_id)
+    db.session.add(new_department)
+    db.session.flush()  # 这会给 new_department 分配一个 id
+    
+    # 如果提供了其他字段，设置它们
+    for field in ['department_code', 'manager', 'phone', 'email', 'location']:
+        if field in data:
+            new_department.set_detail(field, data[field])
+    
+    try:
+        db.session.commit()
+    except IntegrityError:
+        db.session.rollback()
+        return jsonify({'message': '创建子部门失败，可能是由于数据完整性问题'}), 500
+    
+    return jsonify({'message': '子部门创建成功', 'id': new_department.id}), 201
+
+@bp.route('/<int:department_id>/add_user', methods=['POST'])
+def add_user_to_department(department_id):
+    data = request.get_json()
+    
+    if not data or 'user_id' not in data:
+        return jsonify({'message': '用户ID是必需的'}), 400
+    
+    user_id = data['user_id']
+    
+    department = Department.query.get(department_id)
+    if not department:
+        return jsonify({'message': '部门不存在'}), 404
+    
+    user = User.query.get(user_id)
+    if not user:
+        return jsonify({'message': '用户不存在'}), 404
+    
+    if 'is_primary' in data and data['is_primary']:
+        # 如果是主要部门，直接设置
+        user.primary_department = department
+    else:
+        # 如果不是主要部门，添加到次要部门
+        if department not in user.secondary_departments:
+            user.secondary_departments.append(department)
+    
+    try:
+        db.session.commit()
+        return jsonify({'message': '用户成功添加到部门'}), 200
+    except IntegrityError:
+        db.session.rollback()
+        return jsonify({'message': '添加用户到部门失败，可能是由于数据完整性问题'}), 500
+
+@bp.route('', methods=['GET'])
+def get_departments():
+    departments = Department.query.all()
+    departments_list = [{
+        'id': dept.id,
+        'name': dept.name,
+        'parent_id': dept.parent_id,
+        'created_at': dept.created_at.isoformat() if dept.created_at else None,
+        'updated_at': dept.updated_at.isoformat() if dept.updated_at else None
+    } for dept in departments]
+    return jsonify(departments_list), 200
+
+@bp.route('/<int:department_id>', methods=['GET'])
+def get_department_details(department_id):
+    department = Department.query.get(department_id)
+    if not department:
+        return jsonify({'message': '部门不存在'}), 404
+    
+    # 获取主要部门的用户
+    primary_users = User.query.filter_by(primary_department_id=department.id).all()
+    
+    # 获取次要部门的用户
+    secondary_users = department.users.all()
+    
+    # 合并用户列表并去重
+    all_users = list(set(primary_users + secondary_users))
+    
+    users = [{'id': u.id, 'username': u.username} for u in all_users]
+    children = [{'id': c.id, 'name': c.name} for c in department.children]
+    
+    department_details = {
+        'id': department.id,
+        'name': department.name,
+        'parent_id': department.parent_id,
+        'created_at': department.created_at.isoformat() if department.created_at else None,
+        'updated_at': department.updated_at.isoformat() if department.updated_at else None,
+        'department_code': department.get_detail('department_code'),
+        'manager': department.get_detail('manager'),
+        'phone': department.get_detail('phone'),
+        'email': department.get_detail('email'),
+        'location': department.get_detail('location'),
+        'users': users,
+        'children': children
+    }
+    
+    return jsonify(department_details), 200
+
+# 你可以在这里添加更多的部门相关路由...